Disinfection is the process of destroying or reducing the number of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi) on surfaces, water or air to a level safe for health.

The main disinfection methods include:

Methods of struggle:

Chemical disinfection:

• Use of disinfectant solutions: Chemicals such as chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, alcohol, quaternary ammonium compounds, and others can be used to clean surfaces, objects, or water to kill microorganisms.
• Fumigation: Chemical disinfectants can be sprayed as a mist to clean indoor air, which helps kill airborne microorganisms.

Physical disinfection:

• Use of heat: High temperatures can be used to disinfect objects or surfaces. For example, high temperature washing, autoclaving or the use of ultraviolet light to disinfect air and surfaces.
• Filtration: Using filters to remove microorganisms from air or water. It is often used in ventilation systems, water treatment and air purifiers.

Biological disinfection:

• Use of live microorganisms: Some bacteria, fungi or viruses can be used to control other pathogenic microorganisms. For example, the use of probiotic microorganisms to manage the microbiome.

Ultrasonic disinfection:

• Use of Ultrasound: Ultrasound waves can be used to disinfect surfaces or liquids by destroying the cellular structures of microorganisms.

The choice of disinfection method depends on the type of microorganisms to be destroyed, as well as the characteristics of the surface or environment to be treated.